By Paul A. Offit
Drawing on interviews with public future health officers, pharmaceutical corporation executives, lawyers, Cutter staff, and sufferers of the vaccine, in addition to on formerly unavailable documents, Dr. Paul Offit bargains an entire account of the Cutter catastrophe. He describes the nation’s reduction whilst the polio vaccine was once constructed by way of Jonas Salk in 1955, the construction of the vaccine at commercial amenities equivalent to the only operated through Cutter, and the tragedy that happened while 200,000 humans have been inadvertently injected with dwell virulent polio virus: 70,000 grew to become ailing, 2 hundred have been completely paralyzed, and 10 died. Dr. Offit additionally explores how, as a result of the tragedy, one jury’s verdict set in movement occasions that at last suppressed the construction of vaccines already authorized and deterred the advance of latest vaccines that carry the promise of forestalling different deadly diseases.
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Extra info for The Cutter Incident: How America’s First Polio Vaccine Led to the Growing Vaccine Crisis
21 De Kruif heritage: Benison, Rivers, a hundred and eighty. 21 De Kruif opposed to medical professionals: “Our medication males, via considered one of Them,” The Century, 1922. 21 Flexner fires de Kruif and waspish pen: Gould, summer time Plague, eighty. 21 Arrowsmith: S. Lewis, Arrowsmith (New York: Harcourt, Brace, and global, 1925). 22 Microbe Hunters: P. de Kruif, Microbe Hunters (New York: Harcourt, Brace, and international, 1926). 22 De Kruif relating to cripples: De Kruif, Sweeping Wind, 177. 22 De Kruif concerning nasal spray remedy: Gould, summer season Plague, sixty nine. 22 Nasal spray reports: C. A. Armstrong, Prevention of intravenously inoculated poliomyelitis of monkeys by means of intranasal instillation of picric acid, Public healthiness experiences fifty one (1936): 241–43; adventure with the picric acid-alum spray within the prevention of poliomyelitis in Alabama, 1936, American magazine of Public future health 27 (1937): 103–11; M. M. Peet, D. H. Echols, and H. J. Richter, The chemical prophylaxis for poliomyelitis, magazine of the yankee clinical organization 108 (1937): 2184–87; E. W. Schultz, Prevention of intranasally inoculated poliomyelitis in monkeys through earlier intranasal irrigation with chemical brokers, lawsuits of the Society of Experimental drugs and Biology 34 (1936): 133–35; Immunity and prophylaxis in poliomyelitis, magazine of the yank clinical organization 107 (1936): 2102–04; E. W. Schultz, and L. P. Gebhardt, Zinc sulfate prophylaxis in poliomyelitis, magazine of the yank clinical organization 108 (1937): 2182–84. 22 Roosevelt declares new starting place: Carter, step forward, 15. 24 creation of an outstanding vaccine: Ibid. , 25. 24 Burnet and Macnamara: Paul, Poliomyelitis, 225–31. 25 Polio virus typing: first-class descriptions of the polio virus typing courses are available in Berg, Polio; Carter, leap forward; Gould, summer season Plague; Klein, Trial; Rogers, dust and affliction; Smith, Patenting the sunlight; Williams, Virus Hunters; and Wilson, Margin. 26 Rabies vaccine and paralysis: S. A. Plotkin, C. E. Rupprecht, and H. Koprow-ski, Rabies vaccine, in Plotkin and Orenstein, Vaccines, 1025–26. 26 Enders historical past: Smith, Patenting the sunlight, 125–26. 26 Enders, Weller, and Robbins reviews: Weller, starting to be Pathogens, 75–90; J. F. Enders, T. H. Weller, and F. C. Robbins, Cultivation of the Lansing pressure of poliomyelitis virus in cultures of varied human tissues, technological know-how 109 (1949): 85–87; T. H. Weller, F. C. Robbins, and J. F. Enders, Cultivation of poliomyelitis virus in cultures of human foreskin and embryonic tissues, court cases of the Society of Experimental Biology and medication seventy two (1949): 153–55; F. C. Robbins, J. F. Enders, and T. H. Weller, Cytopathogenic impact of poliomyelitis virus in vitro on human embryonic tissues, lawsuits of the Society of Experimental Biology and medication seventy five (1950): 370–74. 27 Robbins on experiments and successful the Nobel Prize: Interview with Frederick Robbins, July 29, 1998. 28 O’Connor on Salk: pointed out in Gould, summer season Plague, 129. 28 Jonas Salk heritage: first-class discussions of Salk’s own existence and early clinical and learn occupation are available in Berg, Polio; Carter, step forward; Gould, summer season Plague; Klein, Trial; Rogers, airborne dirt and dust and sickness, Smith, Patenting the solar; Williams, Virus Hunters; and Wilson, Margin.